undergan in All languages combined

IPA: /ˌun.derˈɡɑːn/ [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *undergān. Equivalent to under- + gan. Akin to Old Saxon undargan, undargangan, Old High German untargān. Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*undergān}} Proto-West Germanic *undergān, {{prefix|ang|under|gan}} under- + gan, {{cog|osx|undargan}} Old Saxon undargan, {{cog|goh|untargān}} Old High German untargān Head templates: {{ang-verb|undergān}} undergān Inflection templates: {{ang-conj|undergān<i>}} Forms: undergān [canonical], irregular [table-tags], undergān [infinitive], undergānne [infinitive], undergā [first-person, present, singular], underēode [first-person, past, singular], undergǣst [present, second-person, singular], underēodest [past, second-person, singular], undergǣþ [present, singular, third-person], underēode [past, singular, third-person], undergāþ [plural, present], underēodon [past, plural], undergā [present, singular], underēode [past, singular], undergān [plural, present], underēoden [past, plural], undergā [imperative, past, present, singular], undergāþ [imperative, past, plural, present], undergānde [imperative, present], undergān [imperative, past]

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "undergon"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: undergon",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: undergon"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "undergo"
          },
          "expansion": "English: undergo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: undergo"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*undergān"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *undergān",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "under",
        "3": "gan"
      },
      "expansion": "under- + gan",
      "name": "prefix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "undargan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon undargan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "untargān"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German untargān",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *undergān. Equivalent to under- + gan. Akin to Old Saxon undargan, undargangan, Old High German untargān.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "undergān",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergān",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergānne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "underēode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergǣst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "underēodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergǣþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "underēode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergāþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "underēodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "underēode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergān",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "underēoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergāþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergānde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergān",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "undergān"
      },
      "expansion": "undergān",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "undergān<i>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "85 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "87 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English terms prefixed with under-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "84 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to ruin, undermine"
      ],
      "id": "en-undergan-ang-verb-HOSGCVs0",
      "links": [
        [
          "ruin",
          "ruin"
        ],
        [
          "undermine",
          "undermine"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to undergo"
      ],
      "id": "en-undergan-ang-verb-LKso-lv7",
      "links": [
        [
          "undergo",
          "undergo"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌun.derˈɡɑːn/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "undergan"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English irregular verbs",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms prefixed with under-",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Old English verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "undergon"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: undergon",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: undergon"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "undergo"
          },
          "expansion": "English: undergo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: undergo"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*undergān"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *undergān",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "under",
        "3": "gan"
      },
      "expansion": "under- + gan",
      "name": "prefix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "undargan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon undargan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "untargān"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German untargān",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *undergān. Equivalent to under- + gan. Akin to Old Saxon undargan, undargangan, Old High German untargān.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "undergān",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergān",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergānne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "underēode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergǣst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "underēodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergǣþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "underēode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergāþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "underēodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "underēode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergān",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "underēoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergāþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergānde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undergān",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "undergān"
      },
      "expansion": "undergān",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "undergān<i>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to ruin, undermine"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ruin",
          "ruin"
        ],
        [
          "undermine",
          "undermine"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to undergo"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "undergo",
          "undergo"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌun.derˈɡɑːn/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "undergan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"undergan" meaning in All languages combined

Verb [Old English]